Posted by: edhensley | June 27, 2010

Where is Nazareth in the Old Testament?


Matthew 2
22 But when he heard that Archelaus was reigning in Judea in place of his father Herod, he was afraid to go there. Having been warned in a dream, he withdrew to the district of Galilee, 23 and he went and lived in a town called Nazareth. So was fulfilled what was said through the prophets: “He will be called a Nazarene.”

Matthew claims that the prophets said Jesus would be a Nazarene. However, the words Nazarene and Nazareth are not mentioned anywhere in the Old Testament or apocryphal texts!

The following shows just how outrageous and irrational Christian apologists will become in order to excuse the bible’s obvious errors.

Look at this text from http://www.carm.org/bible-difficulties/matthew-mark/did-ot-prophesy-jesus-coming-nazareth.

There is no direct Old Testament citation that prophesies the Messiah would be called a Nazarene. In fact, Nazareth (approx 1800 people at the time of Christ) is not mentioned anywhere in the Old Testament or in the apocrypha. But, we have two possible explanations:

So far so good, the apologists admit that Nazarene is nowhere to be found in the Old Testament. However, the two “explanations” that follow are mind-boggling.

First, Matthew does not say ‘prophet,’ singular. He says ‘prophets,’ plural. It could be that Matthew was referring to several Old Testament references to the despised character of Jesus (i.e., Psalm 22:6, 13; 69:10; Isaiah 49:7; 53:3; Micah 5:1). Nazareth held the Roman garrison for the northern areas of Galilee.1 Therefore, the Jews would have little to do with this place and largely despised it. Perhaps this is why it says in John 1:46, “And Nathanael said to him, ‘Can any good thing come out of Nazareth?’ Philip said to him, ‘Come and see.'” So, it could be a reference not to an actual location, but the maligned character of the Messiah even as Nazareth was maligned for housing the Roman garrison, and Matthew was using it in reference to the implied hatred of Christ.

In the first explanation, Nazarene is not a place, but it is a reference to maligned character! Notice that this is at odds with Matthew 22:23, who says Jesus would fulfill the prophecy by living in Nazareth. But this stretch of imagination is nothing compared with the second explanation!

Second, there could be a play on words that Matthew was referring to. In Isaiah 11:1 it says, “Then a shoot will spring from the stem of Jesse, and a branch from his roots will bear fruit.” In Hebrew, the word for “branch” is netzer, “NZR” which letters are included in NaZaReth. It seems that Matthew was referring to the branch, the Nazarene, in turn a reference to God’s raising up of the Messiah. Clearly, Matthew was not exegeting Isaiah, but it seems he was referring to the Branch.

The apologist finds the word “branch” in Isaiah 11:1. Then he notices that “branch” in Hebrew has the letters NZR. Nazareth has the letters NZR. Therefore, we have a prophecy fulfilled! This is an extremely low standard for evaluating prophecies. Using this standard, almost any religion or psychic could claim fulfilled prophecies for almost any event.

If these explanations are true, then the Church of the Nazarene should changes its name to either the Church of Maligned Character or the Church of the Branch. I don’t think that will happen anytime soon.


Responses

  1. Matthew is writting with the intention to convert Jews. (The most obvious showing of that is the Moses-like story he tells in chapter 2). The quote “He shall be a Nazarene” is nowhere to be found. . . I am a Christian, and to an extent, I can be really apologetic, but I have to admit that much.

  2. This is interesting…obviously you have seen but yet do not see, you have heard but do not hear. We know that not everything is translated properly in the Bible, we know that sometimes things are just there out of some mysterious reason but does that mean God really doesn’t exist because some human that is not perfect wrote something a little bizarre. Or did you grow up in a church that taught you everything in the Bible must be followed to a T or you are going to burn in Hell! I mean seriously…?

    • I was raised in a church that taught the Bible was the perfect, literal word from a perfect God. Yes, if I believed incorrectly, I would burn in Hell for eternity.

      Please keep your posts relevant to the text. Most of your post is an admission that the Bible is not perfect. That is what this blog is about.

      “you have seen but yet do not see…” This is a statement with no evidence in an out-of-date dialect that is not relevant to these verses.

      This post was about NAZARETH. Please note that you did not use that word in your reply.

    • You don’t know!
      Judges 13, it’s talking about Samson
      Nazere is a person that doesn’t shave or cut his hair.
      That’s all.

      • I agree. That is why it is troublesome that the New Testament says that the prophets said Jesus would be called a Nazarene.

  3. The Torah, Nevi’im & Ketuvim contains many books including major and lesser prophets. Some prophesied about the Messiah some didn’t. It seems that as with the NT, the OT is a compelation of chosen books. The fact that their is a distinction between major and lesser prophets probably indicate that some did not make it at all and ended up being word of mouth prophesies. They might not even have written them down. If you put it in context, that is how prophets worked. They walked through Israel talking, not writting. Most of the time these prophets started out by saying “The Lord said… SAY to the children of Israel”. Long story short,
    Matthew may be referencing a unwritten word of mouth prophecy that 2000 years ago was very well known but have since been lost. What do you think? Is this plausible?

    P.S. Please keep them coming. You are making my walk with Jesus even more real and fascinating. Thanks

    • Christo,

      Please provide evidence that this prophecy was well known 2000 years ago.

      We know about prophecies that long predate 2000 years. We know where kings and pharaohs were born and buried thousands of years prior to that. These are examples of events and legends that are “very well known”. If something was “very well known” 2000 years ago, it would be written down in at least one place, and probably in multiple places.

      Would you permit Mormons to claim that their books are based on information that was once “very well known but have since been lost”? Would you permit Muslims, Hindus and others to claim that their books are based on information that was once “very well known but have since been lost”?

      If you really believe your claim (based on absolutely no evidence), then you must believe all the claims of all religions that are based on absolutely no evidence.

      • Awesome!.
        Nazere was a person that didn’t cut his hair.
        Samson was a Nazere!
        Judges 13

  4. The significance of Nazareth the place, is another example of how little Christians really know of the culture and place that was ancient Israel. There are several scriptures about Nazarene the vocation but never the place which was a nothing. Samson was a Nazarene, one of their marks was they never cut their hair.

    The author of Matthew, being a greek with poor Jewish cultural knowledge of course got this part wrong as he did with many others.

    • I believe the correct term is Nazerite for the vocation of Samson. It was not related to the location Nazareth.

      • Ed…

        Impressive that you knew the difference between “nazerite” and “nazarene”. Thank you.

        I wish I could post a reply on Nazareth. Your position is well-stated. I am a former Fundamentalist/pentecostal youth leader/assistant pastor/Sunday School teacher with a degree in theology. I want to research this myself and make an informed comment.

        But know…you have me thinking.

        BTW~~I now would consider my “spirituality” to be Judeo/Christo/Pagan/Gnostic/agnostic. 😀

    • Clearly, Jesus was NOT a Nazarite nor is there any reference suggestion anywhere in the Bible that there is. Mathew being a Jew of the Levitical administration would have had an intimate knowledge of Jewish practices and culture and therefore it is unlikely he would have made a mistake alluded to.

  5. So the place name Nazareth means branch, isn’t that interesting … well note these prophetic verses-

    Isa 11:1 And there shall come forth a rod out of the stem of Jesse, and a Branch shall grow out of his roots:

    The same Hebrew word “netser” (H5342) that the word Nazarene is thought to be derived from, appears in the above verse and is translated “Branch”.

    Jer 23:5 Behold, the days come, saith the LORD, that I will raise unto David a righteous Branch, and a King shall reign and prosper, and shall execute judgment and justice in the earth.
    Jer 23:6 In his days Judah shall be saved, and Israel shall dwell safely: and this is his name whereby he shall be called, THE LORD OUR RIGHTEOUSNESS.

    Jer 33:15 In those days, and at that time, will I cause the Branch of righteousness to grow up unto David; and he shall execute judgment and righteousness in the land.
    Jer 33:16 In those days shall Judah be saved, and Jerusalem shall dwell safely: and this is the name wherewith she shall be called, The LORD our righteousness.

    Zec 3:8 Hear now, O Joshua the high priest, thou, and thy fellows that sit before thee: for they are men wondered at: for, behold, I will bring forth my servant the BRANCH.

    Zec 6:12 And speak unto him, saying, Thus speaketh the LORD of hosts, saying, Behold the man whose name is The BRANCH; and he shall grow up out of his place, and he shall build the temple of the LORD:

    http://www.biblelight.net/nazarene.htm

    • Nazareth does NOT mean branch. There are two separate Hebrew words for Nazareth and branch. Nazareth is Natzrat or Natzeret in Hebrew (using English letters here, of course), and branch is netzer.

      Apologists are so desparate to mention Nazareth in the Old Testament that they often repeat the lie you just told.

    • Isaiah 11.1 8s about the messiah ben david well done. Should of quoted the next verse as well though letting us know that he fears the L-d. Just as any completely human, non divine messiah should

  6. If we read the remainder of Isa 11, we also read some other attributes of the Messiah. In v 11 it mentions conquering Assyria and uniting all the scattered Jews, neither of which Jesus did. There are actions listed in v11, which were also not done. I would call this a bad failure on Jesus part if he was supposedly fulfilling this prophecy.

    Most of your other selected verses are to be honest also not fulfilled by Jesus. Take Jer33:15. Jesus never ruled anything nor did he execute justice. If anything he was anything but a help or champion of the poor and the slaves. He told them to pay taxes and be good faithful slaves. Quite a strange message. I can’t see how that helps someone unfortunate enough to be poor or a slave, but those messages and many other similar ones would have made the rich or roman masters happy. Here we have a religious leader tellying the rebellious Jews to stop rebelling and pay taxes and be good slaves. Too bad Spartacus and other slaves in Italy didn’t hear about Jesus, they would not have rebelled and lost their heads and could have continued as lowly slaves. So much for being a champion of the rich.

  7. “Apologists”? Is that what you call people that read the Bible historically and metaphorically as an excuse to hate the Jews ? How very Christian of you.

  8. “The following shows just how outrageous and irrational Christian apologists will become in order to excuse the bible’s obvious errors.” No, not by a long shot. Matthew’s knowledge could not be limited by the words of any scroll, even more so since he had the inspiration of the Holy Ghost. Only someone who thinks everything that can be known of God or salvation is contained in surviving texts could make such an error. Obviously the OT doesn’t tell us every word that every prophet spoke.

  9. Uhhh. Judges 13:5

  10. Food for thought
    First of all I need to mention I’ve not researched this extensively, however The best explanation I have heard is that it was passed on as an oral tradition.
    Much in those days was in fact passed on orally since there was no printing presses and it was very difficult to continually write everything by hand unless it was of the upmost importance or for legal reasons.
    People im sure said lots about famous people in ancient times, but obviously not everything was written down. I’m sure not everything about Alexander the Great can be substantiated either, but most scholars seem to take it at face value based on indirect evidence of various sorts.
    If you couple this theory with the wording in Matthew 2, while comparing it to the other prophesy in the same chapter, perhaps one might come to the same conclusion. Notice the word said in the passage which would imply oral. In addition it says prophets (plural) which possibly implies that it was orally passed down from one prophet to another. Compare how v. 5 says written not said, and v. 15 says prophet (singular), v. 17 actually names the specific prophet. Anyways just some food for thought. Keep searching my friend, after all if we knew everything for sure and there were no mysteries life would be dull and we probably wouldn’t need God,
    God bless

  11. People who are Nazarene, or observing a Nazerite vow are instructed by God, through Moses, in Numbers chapter 6.

  12. When Matthew references ‘the prophets’ (note the plural), he is likely referencing oral tradition, a powerful influence in pre printing press times. So the prophets were known to this society by oral tradition to have said that Jesus would come from Nazareth. This is a reasonable explanation. There is also likely a play on words going on here. Imagine that Jesus was a Gypsy. If there was a prophecy recorded saying the Messiah will be a Gypsy, then when we said ‘Jesus the Gypsy’ we would be alluding to the prophecy and the dodgy despised character of Jesus. It seems likely that this is what is going on here as Nazareth was despised as a Roman garrison town that had sold its soul.

    • Why do fundamentalist Christians criticize think they are permitted to add text to the bible? There is absolutely no reference in any writings that the messiah would be from Nazareth. If you are permitted to add the speculation that you just added, then the bible itself is meaningless since anyone could add any speculation they wanted any time they choose.

      • Read
        Isaiah 9: 1-7

        Then research the town of Nazareth in the land of Galilee.

      • Isaiah 9 does not contain the word Nazareth. Stop making false statements

  13. Whatever else we may debate – and debate is good – the difference between ‘believers’ and ‘unbelievers’ is that ‘believers’ – of which I am one – ‘believe’ and also ‘actually know’ that Jesus is the Son of God, that Jesus is God and that Jesus IS Lord over all. And no amount of negative views concerning what the Bible may or may not say is going to make a difference to our faith because our faith is just so well grounded and the Bible is just such a rich source of information that minor discrepancies – and believe you me – they are minor – can have a negative influence on our belief. We as human beings do not yet know everything yet and yes, there are things about the Bible that we still cannot explain but as we study the Bible more and more, things are becoming clearer. Already we know a great deal about God and his wonderful plan of salvation for fallen man – which without the Bible we would be wholly ignorant of. The Bible is the greatest of books, but always remember this:

    If man could have written the Bible he would not have because the Bible condemns man and shows man that he has need of a savior.

    If man wanted to write the Bible he could not have because the Bible spans too great a time period and because so much that was written in the Old Testament was fulfilled in the New Testament and because Jesus is revealed as the one that came to save those whom God the Father had chosen to be saved.

    • Which bible? The Catholic Bible, the 1611 protestant bible with 80 books, the 1895 protestant bible with 66 books, the Eastern Orthodox bible, the Syriac bible, the Ethiopian bible, etc? Every time Christians talk about “the bible”, they are talking about the ones they accept, which is usually the one that their parents accepted. Every version of the bible has decided by a group of men. There is not any version of the bible that is not significantly edited by men who wanted to make the bible better conform to their beliefs.

  14. I am a pastor in the Church of the Nazarene. Your discussion is interesting but very circular in reasoning to me. The city of Nazareth was not an Old Testament city so trying to tie ANY reference to Nazarene based on the Old Testament leads to all the above chatter. Jesus was by His life a Nazarite in that He was separated from His pre-eternal place as God to His earthly place of God incarnate (John 1: 14). The law of the Nazarite vow was well known in the Jewish world and the fact that Jesus returned with His parents to Nazareth after the flight to Egypt is more of a serendipity than an attempt to pervert Old Testament scripture as you seem to think. I see the same thing with Paul in Acts 18: 18 and Acts 21: 23 – 26. Paul and others took the Nazarite vow even in the New Testament. So Jesus was a Nazarite by Old Testament standards and a Nazarene by New Testament wording. The exact same thing was said of Paul in Acts 24: 5. One point I would make is that when you say THE NAZARENE it is clearly a reference to Jesus of Nazareth not A or ANY other person from Nazareth. I also think you are correct that we will not be changing the name of our church anytime soon.

    • I did not use circular reasoning. There are numerous verses from Matthew that are said to be fulfillment of Old Testament prophecy. I did a google and chose just this one link (https://www.jesusfilm.org/blog-and-stories/old-testament-prophecies.html). Of the 55 prophecy fulfillments listed, 20 are from Matthew. These 20 are by no means all, for the blog author uses Luke instead of Matthew 1 for the alleged virgin birth (Matt 1;22 All this took place to fulfill what the Lord had said through the prophet: 23 “The virgin will conceive and give birth to a son, and they will call him Immanuel” …). But there are other examples., Matthew 2:14-15 (“So he [Joseph] got up, took the child and his mother during the night and left for Egypt, where he stayed until the death of Herod. And so was fulfilled what the Lord had said through the prophet: ‘Out of Egypt I called my son'”) is said to be the fulfillment of Hosea 11:1. In multiple places Matthew uses the term “fulfilled” or “fulfillment” as he does in the verses I referenced in Matthew 2:23: “So was fulfilled what was said through the prophets, that he would be called a Nazarene.” Nobody can deny that Christians gleefully claim many prophecies in Matthew are fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies. I could easily reference 100 more websites. The verses in question claim to be fulfilment of prophecies. I am simply pointing out that nowhere in the Old Testament prophecies is it claimed that the Messiah would be either a Nazarene or a Nazarite. Matthew says that by returning to NAZARETH, Jesus would fulfill the prophecy of being called a NAZARENE. There is nothing in this about being a Nazarite, so all your other nonsense that you mention about Paul being a Nazarite so Jesus must have been one by his life is completely irrelevant. It is dishonest for Christians to claim verses in Matthew as fulfillment of Old Testament prophecy and then to not admit that there is a verse that claims it is fulfillment of prophecy but does not have a corresponding verse in the Old Testament.

  15. I guess I should add one more thing. The title, Bible verses rarely read on Sunday is probably very true in many places. But I actually taught on this last Sunday.

    • Matthew 2 is read in many churches because it contains one of the birth stories of Jesus. Also, my wife was Christian home schooled and went to the Church of the Nazarene’s Trevecca University. But she read the bible with an open mind and became an atheist.

      • Read
        Isaiah 9: 1-7
        Unto Us A Child Is Born

        And He comes from the land of Galilee

        Luke 1:26
        In the sixth month, Elohim sent the messenger Gabriel to a town in Galilee called Nazareth

        Matthew 21:11
        The crowds replied, “This is Yehoshua, the prophet from Nazareth in Galilee

        This atheist reminds me of that caracter that spoke with Yehoshua in Matthew 4: 1-11, he even quotes scriptures as that caracter.

        Yet; he can’t understand the scriptures in front of him.
        John 4: 43-44

        Revelation 20: 10-15
        10 And the devil, who led them astray, was thrown into the lake of fire and sulphur where the beast and the false prophet are. And they shall be tortured day and night forever and ever.
        11 And I saw a great white throne and Him who was sitting on it, from whose face the earth and the heaven fled away, and no place was found for them.
        12 And I saw the dead, small and great, standing before the throne, and books ( the laws of Elohim) were opened. And another book was opened, which is the Book of Life. And the dead were judged from what was written in the books (the laws of Elohim), according to their works (actions, deeds).
        13 And the sea gave up the dead who were in it, and Death and She’ol gave up the dead who were in them. And they were judged, each one according to his works.
        14 And Death and She’ol were thrown into the lake of fire. This is the second death.
        15 And if anyone was not found written in the Book of Life, he was thrown into the lake of fire.

      • You did not have ONE VERSE FROM THE OLD TESTAMENT that mentions Nazareth.

      • Correction
        John 8: 43-44

  16. And? Is this supposed to make us denounce Jesus as the Messiah?
    I think not.


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